Cob is generally made up of a mixture of sand, gravel, clay and straw which is then used to make the walls and compacted earth to make the floor. Now it still strikes me as weird that these walls made of cob can actually hold a roof up let alone a second floor, but they can and last much longer than a standard wood framed house. A wood framed house generally lasts ~50 years while a cob house if built properly can last over 100's of years! In the book they emphasize the importance of picking the right site (since you can't build cob in every environment) as well as looking at the environment surrounding it. They suggest making the plans of your house to incorporate the sunrise and angle of light that will hit the house during the different seasons. So you would have your morning sun room facing the east where the sun rises and have your kitchen facing the west where it sets. They also suggest limiting the windows on the north wall to make sure the cob walls have a chance to obtain the heat from the sun and release it slowly over the day into you home. Living roofs can be incorporated into the design, as well as rain catchment barrels and solar panels for electricity generation.
I still have more to read which I don't really have time for, but I hope one day I can build my own house...
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